Chapter 1 MRSL for Textiles and Coated Fabrics Processing
    Alkylphenol (AP) and Alkylphenol Ethoxylates (APEOs): including all isomers

    Potential Uses in Apparel and Footwear Textile Processing

    APEOs can be used as or found in: detergents, scouring agents, spinning oils, wetting agents, softeners, emulsifier/dispersing agents for dyes and prints, impregnating agents, de- gumming for silk production, dyes and pigment preparations, polyester padding and down/feather fillings.

    General Techniques for Analysing Chemicals

    Liquid chromatography- mass spectrometry (LC-MS), gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS)
    Substance
    Nonylphenol (NP), mixed isomers
    Octylphenol (OP), mixed isomers
    Octylphenol ethoxylates (OPEO)
    Nonylphenol ethoxylates (NPEO)
    Chlorobenzenes and Chlorotoluenes

    Potential Uses in Apparel and Footwear Textile Processing

    Chlorobenzenes and chlorotoluenes (chlorinated aromatic hydrocarbons) can be used as carriers in the dyeing process of polyester or wool/polyester fibres. They can also be used as solvents.

    General Techniques for Analysing Chemicals

    GC-MS
    Substance
    1,2-dichlorobenzene
    Other isomers of mono-, di-, tri-, tetra-, penta- and hexa- chlorobenzene and mono-, di-, tri-, tetra- and penta- chlorotoluene
    Chlorophenols

    Potential Uses in Apparel and Footwear Textile Processing

    Chlorophenols are polychlorinated compounds used as preservatives or pesticides.
    Pentachlorophenol (PCP) and tetrachlorophenol (TeCP) have been used in the past to prevent mould when storing/ transporting, raw hides and leather. They are now regulated and should not be used.

    General Techniques for Analysing Chemicals

    GC-MS EN ISO 17070
    Substance
    Tetrachlorophenol (TeCP)
    Pentachlorophenol (PCP)
    2,3,4,5-tetrachlorophenol
    2,3,4,6-tetrachlorophenol
    2,3,5,6-tetrachlorophenol
    2-chlorophenol
    2,4-dichlorophenol
    2,5-dichlorophenol
    2,6-dichlorophenol
    2,4,5-trichlorophenol
    2,4,6-trichlorophenol
    3,5-dichlorophenol
    2,3-dichlorophenol
    3,4-dichlorophenol
    3-chlorophenol
    4-chlorophenol
    2,3,4-trichlorophenol
    2,3,5-trichlorophenol
    3,4,5-trichlorophenol
    Dyes – Azo (Forming Restricted Amines)

    Potential Uses in Apparel and Footwear Textile Processing

    Azo dyes and pigments are colourants that incorporate one or several azo groups (-N=N-) bound with aromatic compounds. Thousands of azo dyes exist, but only those that degrade to form the listed cleavable amines are restricted. Azo dyes that release these amines are regulated and should no longer be used for dyeing of textiles.

    General Techniques for Analysing Chemicals

    LC, GC
    Substance
    4,4’-methylene-bis-(2-chloro-aniline)
    4,4’-methylenedianiline
    4,4’-oxydianiline
    4-chloroaniline
    3,3’-dimethoxylbenzidine
    3,3’-dimethylbenzidine
    6-methoxy-m-toluidine
    2,4,5-trimethylaniline
    4,4’-thiodianiline
    4-aminoazobenzene
    4-methoxy-m-phenylenediamine
    4,4’-methylenedi-o-toluidine
    2,6-xylidine
    o-anisidine
    2-naphthylamine
    3,’3-dichlorobenzidine
    4-aminodiphenyl
    Benzidine
    o-toluidine
    2,4-xylidine
    4-chloro-o-toluidine
    4-methyl-m-phenylenediamine
    o-aminoazotoluene
    5-nitro-o-toluidine
    Dyes – Navy Blue Colourant

    Potential Uses in Apparel and Footwear Textile Processing

    Navy Blue colourants are regulated and should no longer be used for dyeing of textiles.

    General Techniques for Analysing Chemicals

    LC
    Substance
    Component 1: C39H23ClCrN7O12S·2Na
    Component 2: C46H30CrN10O20S2·3Na
    Dyes – Carcinogenic or Equivalent Concern

    Potential Uses in Apparel and Footwear Textile Processing

    Most of these substances are regulated and should no longer be used for dyeing of textiles.

    General Techniques for Analysing Chemicals

    LC
    Substance
    C.I. Direct Black 38
    C.I. Direct Blue 6
    C.I. Acid Red 26
    C.I. Basic Red 9
    C.I. Direct Red 28
    C.I. Basic Violet 14
    C.I. Disperse Blue 1
    C.I. Disperse Blue 3
    C.I. Basic Blue 26 (with Michler’s Ketone > 0.1%)
    C.I. Basic Green 4 (malachite green chloride)
    C.I. Basic Green 4 (malachite green oxalate)
    C.I. Basic Green 4 (malachite green)
    Disperse Orange 11
    Dyes – Disperse (Sensitising)

    Potential Uses in Apparel and Footwear Textile Processing

    Disperse dyes are a class of water- insoluble dyes that penetrate the fibre system of synthetic or manufactured fibres and are held in place by physical forces without forming chemical bonds. Disperse dyes are used in synthetic fibre (e.g., polyester, acetate, polyamide).
    Restricted disperse dyes are suspected of causing allergic reactions and should no longer be used for dyeing of textiles.

    General Techniques for Analysing Chemicals

    LC
    Substance
    Disperse Yellow 1
    Disperse Blue 102
    Disperse Blue 106
    Disperse Yellow 39
    Disperse Orange 37/59/76
    Disperse Brown 1
    Disperse Orange 1
    Disperse Yellow 3
    Disperse Red 11
    Disperse Red 1
    Disperse Red 17
    Disperse Blue 7
    Disperse Blue 26
    Disperse Yellow 49
    Disperse Blue 35
    Disperse Blue 124
    Disperse Yellow 9
    Disperse Orange 3
    Disperse Blue 35
    Flame Retardants

    Potential Uses in Apparel and Footwear Textile Processing

    Flame retardant chemicals are rarely used to meet flammability requirements in children’s clothing and adult products. They should no longer be used in apparel and footwear.

    General Techniques for Analysing Chemicals

    GC-MS
    Substance
    Tris(2-chloroethyl)phosphate (TCEP)
    Decabromodiphenyl ether (DecaBDE)
    Tris(2,3,-dibromopropyl)-phosphate (TRIS)
    Pentabromodiphenyl ether (PentaBDE)
    Octabromodiphenyl ether (OctaBDE)
    Bis(2,3-dibromopropyl)phosphate (BIS)
    Tris(1-aziridinyl)phosphine oxide (TEPA)
    Polybromobiphenyl (PBB)
    Tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA)
    Hexabromocyclodecane (HBCDD)
    2,2-bis(bromomethyl)-1,3-propanediol (BBMP)
    Tris(1,3-dichloro-isopropyl) phosphate (TDCP)
    Short-chain chlorinated Paraffins (SCCP) (C10-C13)
    Glycols

    Potential Uses in Apparel and Footwear Textile Processing

    In apparel and footwear, glycols have a wide range of uses including as solvents for finishing/cleaning, printing agents, and dissolving and diluting fats, oils and adhesives (e.g., in degreasing or cleaning operations).

    General Techniques for Analysing Chemicals

    High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), LC- MS
    Substance
    Bis(2-methoxyethyl)-ether
    2-ethoxyethanol
    2-ethoxyethyl acetate
    Ethylene glycol dimethyl ether
    2-methoxyethanol
    2-methoxyethylacetate
    2-methoxypropylacetate
    Triethylene glycol dimethyl ether
    Halogenated Solvents

    Potential Uses in Apparel and Footwear Textile Processing

    In apparel and footwear, solvents are used as finishing/cleaning and printing agents, for dissolving and diluting fats, oils and adhesives (e.g., in degreasing or cleaning operations).

    General Techniques for Analysing Chemicals

    GC-MS
    Substance
    1,2-dichloroethane
    Methylene chloride
    Trichloroethylene
    Tetrachloroethylene
    Organotin Compounds

    Potential Uses in Apparel and Footwear Textile Processing

    Organotins are a class of chemicals combining tin and organics such as butyl and phenyl groups. Organotins are predominantly found in the environment as antifoulants in marine paints, but they can also be used as biocides (e.g., antibacterials), catalysts in plastic and glue production and heat stabilisers in plastics/rubber. In textiles and apparel, organotins are associated with plastics/rubber, inks, paints, metallic glitter, polyurethane products and heat transfer material.

    General Techniques for Analysing Chemicals

    GC-MS, low resolution mass spectrometry (LRMS)
    Substance
    Dibutyltin (DBT)
    Mono-, di- and tri-methyltin derivatives
    Mono-, di- and tri-butyltin derivatives
    Mono-, di- and tri-phenyltin derivatives
    Mono-, di- and tri-octyltin derivatives
    Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs)

    Potential Uses in Apparel and Footwear Textile Processing

    General Techniques for Analysing Chemicals

    GC-MS
    Substance
    Benzo[a]pyrene (BaP)
    Anthracene
    Pyrene
    Benzo[ghi]perylene
    Benzo[e]pyrene
    Indeno[1,2,3-cd]pyrene
    Benzo[j]fluoranthene
    Benzo[b]fluoranthene
    Fluoranthene
    Benzo[k]fluoranthene
    Acenaphthylene
    Chrysene
    Dibenz[a,h]anthracene
    Benzo[a]anthracene
    Acenaphthene
    Phenanthrene
    Fluorene
    Naphthalene
    Perfluorinated and Polyfluorinated Chemicals (PFCs)
    Durable water, oil and stain repellent finishes and soil release finishes (fluorinated polymers) based on long-chain technology are banned from intentional use. Long-chain compounds according to the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) definition (http://www.oecd.org/ehs/pfc/) are based on long-chain perfluorocarboxylic acids (C8 and higher) and on long-chain perfluoroalkyl sulfonates (C6 and higher). The main contaminants of this technology include: Perfluoroalkyl sulfonates (PFSAs) with carbon chain lengths C6 and higher (e.g., PFOS, perfluorooctane sulfonate) Perfluorocarboxylic acids with carbon chain lengths C8 and higher (e.g., PFOA, perfluorooctanoic acid)

    Potential Uses in Apparel and Footwear Textile Processing

    PFOA and PFOS may be present as unintended by-products in long-chain commercial water, oil and stain repellent agents. PFOA also may be in use for polymers like polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE).

    General Techniques for Analysing Chemicals

    LC-MS
    Substance
    Perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) and related substances
    Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and related substances
    Phthalates – including all other esters of ortho-phthalic acid

    Potential Uses in Apparel and Footwear Textile Processing

    Esters of ortho-phthalic acid (phthalates) are a class of organic compounds commonly added to plastics to increase flexibility. They sometimes are used to facilitate moulding of plastic by decreasing its melting temperature.
    Phthalates can be found in:
    - Flexible plastic components (e.g., PVC)
    - Print pastes
    - Adhesives
    - Plastic buttons
    - Plastic sleevings
    - Polymeric coatings

    General Techniques for Analysing Chemicals

    GC-MS
    Substance
    Di(ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP)
    Bis(2-methoxyethyl) phthalate (DMEP)
    Di-n-octyl phthalate (DNOP)
    Di-iso-decyl phthalate (DIDP)
    Di-isononyl phthalate (DINP)
    Di-n-hexyl phthalate (DnHP)
    Dibutyl phthalate (DBP)
    Butyl benzyl phthalate (BBP)
    Dinonyl phthalate (DNP)
    Diethyl phthalate (DEP)
    Di-n-propyl phthalate (DPRP)
    Di-isobutyl phthalate (DIBP)
    Di-cyclohexyl phthalate (DCHP)
    Di-iso-octyl phthalate (DIOP)
    1,2-benzenedicarboxylic acid, di-C7-11-branched and linearalkyl esters (DHNUP)
    1,2-benzenedicarboxylic acid,di-C6-8-branched alkyl esters,C7-rich (DIHP)
    Total Heavy Metals
    Listed metals are banned from intentional use in textile manufacturing/finishing. Additionally, residual traces of antimony, zinc, copper, nickel, tin, barium, cobalt, iron, manganese, selenium and silver in colourants are expected to comply with the Ecological and Toxicological Association of Dyes and Organic Pigments Manufacturers (ETAD) concentration limits (http://www.etad.com/).

    Potential Uses in Apparel and Footwear Textile Processing

    Although typically associated with leather tanning, chromium VI also may be used in the dyeing of wool (after the chroming process).

    General Techniques for Analysing Chemicals

    Inductively coupled plasma- optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES), atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS)
    Substance
    Arsenic (As)
    Cadmium (Cd)
    Mercury (Hg)
    Lead (Pb)
    Chromium (VI)
    Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC)

    Potential Uses in Apparel and Footwear Textile Processing

    These volatile organic compounds should not be used in textile auxiliary chemical preparations. They are associated with solvent-based processes like solvent- based polyurethane coatings and glues/adhesives. They should not be used for any kind of facility cleaning or spot cleaning.

    General Techniques for Analysing Chemicals

    GC-MS
    Substance
    Benzene
    Xylene
    o-cresol
    p-cresol
    m-cresol
    Chapter 2 MRSL for Leather Processing
    Alkylphenol (AP) and Alkylphenol Ethoxylates (APEOs): including all isomers

    Potential Uses in Apparel and Footwear Textile Processing

    APEOs can be used in leather processing or found in a variety of formulations such as detergents, wetting agents, emulsifier/ dispersing agents/dedusting agents for dyes and prints, dyes and pigment preparations, degreasing and fur scouring agents, fat liquors and greases, water borne dispersions and emulsions used in the beamhouse and finishing agents.
    NP and OP are not used by the leather industry, but could be present as contaminants.

    General Techniques for Analysing Chemicals

    Liquid chromatography8mass spectrometry (LC-MS), gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS)
    EN ISO 18219 81 EN ISO 18219 – 2
    Substance
    Nonylphenol (NP), mixed isomers
    Octylphenol (OP), mixed isomers
    Octylphenol ethoxylates (OPEO)
    Nonylphenol ethoxylates (NPEO)
    Chlorobenzenes and Chlorotoluenes

    Potential Uses in Apparel and Footwear Textile Processing

    Chlorobenzenes and chlorotoluenes can be used for degreasing sheep and pig skins. They can also be used as solvents (e.g., in chemical synthesis).

    General Techniques for Analysing Chemicals

    GC-MS
    Substance
    1,2-dichlorobenzene
    Other isomers of mono-, di-, tri-, tetra-, penta- and hexa- chlorobenzene and mono-, di-, tri-, tetra- and penta- chlorotoluene
    Chlorophenols

    Potential Uses in Apparel and Footwear Textile Processing

    Chlorophenols are polychlorinated compounds used as preservatives or pesticides.
    Pentachlorophenol (PCP) and tetrachlorophenol (TeCP) have been used in the past to prevent mould when storing/transporting, raw hides and leather. They are now regulated and should not be used.

    General Techniques for Analysing Chemicals

    GC-MS EN ISO 17070
    Substance
    Tetrachlorophenol (TeCP)
    Pentachlorophenol (PCP)
    2,3,4,5-tetrachlorophenol
    2,3,4,6-tetrachlorophenol
    2,3,5,6-tetrachlorophenol
    2-chlorophenol
    2,4-dichlorophenol
    2,5-dichlorophenol
    2,6-dichlorophenol
    2,4,5-trichlorophenol
    2,4,6-trichlorophenol
    3,5-dichlorophenol
    2,3-Dichlorophenol
    3,4-Dichlorophenol
    3-Chlorophenol
    4-Chlorophenol
    2,3,4-Trichlorophenol
    2,3,5-Trichlorophenol
    3,4,5-Trichlorophenol
    Dyes – Azo (Forming Restricted Amines)

    Potential Uses in Apparel and Footwear Textile Processing

    Azo dyes and pigments are colourants that incorporate one or several azo groups (-N=N-) bound with aromatic compounds. Thousands of azo dyes exist, but only those which degrade to form the listed cleavable amines are restricted. Azo dyes that release these amines are regulated and should no longer be used for dyeing of leather.
    Restricted amines also may be present or formed during cleavage of unintended impurities in raw materials used for dyestuff production.

    General Techniques for Analysing Chemicals

    LC, GC-MS
    EN ISO 17234 – 1 EN ISO 17234 – 2
    Substance
    4,4’-methylene-bis-(2-chloro-aniline)
    4,4’-methylenedianiline
    4,4’-oxydianiline
    4-chloroaniline
    3,3’-dimethoxylbenzidine
    3,3’-dimethylbenzidine
    6-methoxy-m-toluidine
    2,4,5-trimethylaniline
    4,4’-thiodianiline
    4-aminoazobenzene
    4-methoxy-m-phenylenediamine
    4,4’-methylenedi-o-toluidine
    2,6-xylidine
    o-anisidine
    2-naphthylamine
    3,’3-dichlorobenzidine
    4-aminodiphenyl
    Benzidine
    o-toluidine
    2,4-xylidine
    4-chloro-o-toluidine
    4-methyl-m-phenylenediamine
    o-aminoazotoluene
    5-nitro-o-toluidine
    Dyes – Navy Blue Colourant

    Potential Uses in Apparel and Footwear Textile Processing

    Navy Blue colourants are regulated, were not sold commercially, and should not have been used for dyeing of leather

    General Techniques for Analysing Chemicals

    LC
    (No test reference available)
    Substance
    Component 1: C39H23ClCrN7O12S·2Na
    Component 2: C46H30CrN10O20S2·3Na
    Dyes – Carcinogenic or Equivalent Concern

    Potential Uses in Apparel and Footwear Textile Processing

    Most of these substances are regulated in many countries. All should no longer be used for dyeing of leather.

    General Techniques for Analysing Chemicals

    LC
    Substance
    C.I. Direct Black 38
    C.I. Direct Blue 6
    C.I. Acid Red 26
    C.I. Basic Red 9
    C.I. Direct Red 28
    C.I. Basic Violet 14
    C.I. Disperse Blue 1
    C.I. Disperse Blue 3
    C.I. Basic Blue 26 (with Michler’s Ketone > 0.1%)
    C.I. Basic Green 4 (malachite green chloride)
    C.I. Basic Green 4 (malachite green oxalate)
    C.I. Basic Green 4 (malachite green)
    Disperse Orange 11
    Dyes – Disperse (Sensitizing)
    Disperse dyes have no applicability to leather processing.

    Potential Uses in Apparel and Footwear Textile Processing

    General Techniques for Analysing Chemicals

    Substance
    Fat liquoring agents

    Potential Uses in Apparel and Footwear Textile Processing

    Short-chain chlorinated paraffins can be found as contaminants within long-chain chlorinated paraffins and sulfo-chlorinated paraffin’s, used as fat liquoring agents.

    General Techniques for Analysing Chemicals

    Gas chromatography/ electron capture negative ion-mass spectrometry (GC/ECNI-MS)
    EN ISO 18219
    Substance
    Short-chain chlorinated paraffin (C10 – C13)
    Flame Retardants

    Potential Uses in Apparel and Footwear Textile Processing

    Flame retardant chemicals are rarely used to meet flammability requirements in children’s clothing and adult products, but they could be used in processing leather for technical/ industrial purposes (e.g., drive belts) and upholstery leather for trains and planes. The mentioned substances should no longer be used in apparel and footwear.

    General Techniques for Analysing Chemicals

    GC-MS
    Substance
    Tris(2-chloroethyl)phosphate (TCEP)
    Decabromodiphenyl ether (DecaBDE)
    Tris(2,3,-dibromopropyl)-phosphate (TRIS)
    Pentabromodiphenyl ether (PentaBDE)
    Octabromodiphenyl ether (OctaBDE)
    Bis(2,3-dibromopropyl)phosphate (BIS)
    Tris(1-aziridinyl)phosphine oxide (TEPA)
    Polybromobiphenyl (PBB)
    Tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA)
    Hexabromocyclodecane (HBCDD)
    2,2-bis(bromomethyl)-1,3-propanediol (BBMP)
    Tris(1,3-dichloro-isopropyl) phosphate (TDCP)
    Glycol Ethers

    Potential Uses in Apparel and Footwear Textile Processing

    In apparel and footwear, glycol ethers have a wide range of uses including as solvents for finishing/cleaning, printing agents and dissolving and diluting fats, oils and adhesives (e.g., in degreasing or cleaning operations). Some polar solvents (glycol ethers) are necessary for the use of water-based leather finishing systems.
    The mentioned glycol ethers are classified as carcinogenic, mutagenic or reprotoxic substances and should not be used in processing leather.

    General Techniques for Analysing Chemicals

    High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), LC- MS
    Substance
    Bis(2-methoxyethyl)-ether
    2-ethoxyethanol
    2-ethoxyethyl acetate
    Ethylene glycol dimethyl ether
    2-methoxyethanol
    2-methoxyethylacetate
    Triethylene glycol dimethyl ether
    2-methoxypropylacetate
    Halogenated Solvents

    Potential Uses in Apparel and Footwear Textile Processing

    In apparel and footwear, solvents are used as finishing/cleaning and printing agents, for dissolving and diluting fats, oils and adhesives (e.g., in degreasing or cleaning operations).

    General Techniques for Analysing Chemicals

    GC-MS
    Substance
    1,2-dichloroethane
    Methylene chloride
    Trichloroethylene
    Tetrachloroethylene
    Organotin Compounds

    Potential Uses in Apparel and Footwear Textile Processing

    Organotins are a class of chemicals combining tin and organics such as butyl and phenyl groups. Organotins are predominantly found in the environment as antifoulants in marine paints, but they can also be used as biocides (e.g., antibacterials), catalysts in plastic and glue productions and heat stabilizers in plastics/rubber.
    Polyurethane thickeners, which could contain traces of DBT, are commonly used for viscosity adjustments of leather chemicals formulations.

    General Techniques for Analysing Chemicals

    GC-MS, low resolution mass spectrometry (LRMS)
    Substance
    Dibutyltin (DBT)
    Mono-, di- and tri-methyltin derivatives
    Mono-, di- and tri-butyltin derivatives
    Mono-, di- and tri-phenyltin derivatives
    Mono-, di- and tri-octyltin derivatives
    Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs)

    Potential Uses in Apparel and Footwear Textile Processing

    In the leather chemical industry, naphthalene is used as a raw material for manufacture of synthetic tanning agents (syntans) and for manufacture of active substances in dispersing agents used during leather processing.

    General Techniques for Analysing Chemicals

    GC-MS
    Substance
    Benzo[a]pyrene (BaP)
    Anthracene
    Pyrene
    Benzo[ghi]perylene
    Benzo[e]pyrene
    Indeno[1,2,3-cd]pyrene
    Benzo[j]fluoranthene
    Benzo[b]fluoranthene
    Fluoranthene
    Benzo[k]fluoranthene
    Acenaphthylene
    Chrysene
    Dibenz[a,h]anthracene
    Benzo[a]anthracene
    Acenaphthene
    Phenanthrene
    Fluorene
    Naphthalene
    Perfluorinated and Polyfluorinated Chemicals (PFCs)
    Durable water, oil and stain repellent finishes and soil release finishes (fluorinated polymers) based on long-chain technology are banned from intentional use. Long-chain compounds according to the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) definition (http://www.oecd.org/ehs/pfc/) are based on long-chain perfluorocarboxylic acids (C8 and higher) and on long-chain perfluoroalkyl sulfonates (C6 and higher). The main contaminants of this technology include: Perfluoroalkyl sulfonates (PFSAs) with carbon chain lengths C6 and higher (e.g., PFOS, perfluorooctane sulfonate) Perfluorocarboxylic acids with carbon chain lengths C8 and higher (e.g., PFOA, perfluorooctanoic acid)

    Potential Uses in Apparel and Footwear Textile Processing

    PFOA and PFOS may be present as unintended by-products in long-chain commercial water, oil and stain repellent agents. PFOA also may be in use for polymers like polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE).

    General Techniques for Analysing Chemicals

    LC-MS
    Substance
    Perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) and related substances
    Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and related substances
    Phthalates – including all other esters of ortho-phthalic acid

    Potential Uses in Apparel and Footwear Textile Processing

    Esters of ortho-phthalic acid (phthalates) are a class of organic compounds commonly added to plastics to increase flexibility. They are sometimes used to facilitate moulding of plastic by decreasing its melting temperature.
    Polymeric coatings for leather finishing, dedusting agents in colourants, fat liquors and greases could be a source for phthalates in formulations for leather processing.

    General Techniques for Analysing Chemicals

    GC-MS
    Substance
    Di(ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP)
    Bis(2-methoxyethyl) phthalate (DMEP)
    Di-n-octyl phthalate (DNOP)
    Di-iso-decyl phthalate (DIDP)
    Di-isononyl phthalate (DINP)
    Di-n-hexyl phthalate (DnHP)
    Dibutyl phthalate (DBP)
    Butyl benzyl phthalate (BBP)
    Dinonyl phthalate (DNP)
    Diethyl phthalate (DEP)
    Di-n-propyl phthalate (DPRP)
    Di-isobutyl phthalate (DIBP)
    Di-cyclohexyl phthalate (DCHP)
    Di-iso-octyl phthalate (DIOP)
    1,2-benzenedicarboxylic acid, di-C7-11- branched and linearalkyl esters (DHNUP)
    1,2-benzenedicarboxylic acid,di-C6-8- branched alkyl esters,C7-rich (DIHP)
    Total Heavy Metals
    Listed metals are banned from intentional use in textile manufacturing/finishing. Additionally, residual traces of antimony, zinc, copper, nickel, tin, barium, cobalt, iron, manganese, selenium and silver in colourants are expected to comply with the Ecological and Toxicological Association of Dyes and Organic Pigments Manufacturers (ETAD) concentration limits (http://www.etad.com/).

    Potential Uses in Apparel and Footwear Textile Processing

    Arsenic and its compounds can be used in some preservatives, pesticides and defoliants for cotton. It is also associated with synthetic fibres, paints, inks, trims and plastics.
    Arsenic is not a typical residue in leather chemicals.

    General Techniques for Analysing Chemicals

    Inductively coupled plasma- optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES), atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS)
    Cr (III) Tanning agents can be monitored for Cr(VI)
    EN ISO 17075 (Current Use) ISO/DIS 19071 (Draft)
    Substance
    Arsenic (As)
    Cadmium (Cd)
    Mercury (Hg)
    Lead (Pb)
    Chromium (VI)
    Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC)

    Potential Uses in Apparel and Footwear Textile Processing

    These volatile organic compounds should not be used in textile and leather auxiliary chemical preparations. They are associated with solvent-based processes like solvent-based polyurethane coatings and glues/adhesives.
    They should not be used for any kind of facility cleaning or spot cleaning.

    General Techniques for Analysing Chemicals

    GC-MS
    Substance
    Benzene
    o-cresol
    p-cresol
    m-cresol